
Daniel Defoe ( 1660 - April 24, 1731) was an English writer, merchant, journalist, pamphleteer and spy. He is best known for his novel Robinson Crusoe , published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in number of translations. He was seen as an early proponent of the English novel and helped popularize the form in Britain along with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson. Defoe wrote many political tracts, often got into trouble with the authorities and spent a period in prison. Intellectuals and political leaders paid attention to his new ideas and sometimes consulted him.Defoe was a prolific and versatile writer, producing more than three hundred works - books, pamphlets, and journals - on a variety of subjects, including politics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology, and the supernatural. He was also a pioneer in business and economic journalism.