Yan-jun Yang

This book exposes Unit 731 as being the largest bacterial warfare force in the history of the Second World War. Manufacture and the use of biological weapons, the entire process of preparation and implementation of germ warfare, with the reflection on war and human nature, medical and ethical issues, is given by the testimony of the veterans of Unit 731. This evidence is provided by the surviving Chinese labourers and the families of the victims. The book focuses on five aspects: first, the inhuman medical crimes of Unit 731 weapons, the biological combats, and human experiments; secondly, the war damage and the postwar effects of biological war by Unit 731 brought to China and other Asian countries; thirdly, the survey and cover-up at the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials; fourthly the protection status of the site with development status of the exhibition and international exchanges of the Unit 731 Museum; fifthly and finally, there is a separate chapter discussing Japanese chemical warfare.

Physalin B (C28H32O9), a main active physalin of Physalis angulata L was isolated from the whole plant of Physalis angulata L, and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1) with C28H32O9, a = 12.4996(2), b = 14.35620(10), c = 14.75190(10)Å, V = 2607.97(5)Å3, Z = 4,Dc = 1.382mg/cm3, Mr = 542.56, F(000) = 1152, and μ= 0.870 mm-1. The final R = 0.0389 and wR = 0.1037 for 47670 observed reflections (I > 2ο(I)). The rigid molecule consists of eight fused rings involving two lactones.. There are two C28H32O9 molecules in an symmetric unit, and the title compound is stacked into a 3D layer structure through hydrogen bonds.In the 5-20μmol/L range, physalin B can significantly inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 on RAW264.7 cells. The results suggest that physalin B has anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.