Sheri Berman

At the end of the twentieth century, many believed the story of European political development had come to an end. Modern democracy began in Europe, but for hundreds of years it competed with various forms of dictatorship. Now, though, the entire continent was in the democratic camp for the first time in history. But within a decade, this story had already begun to unravel. Some of the continent's newer democracies slid back towards dictatorship, while citizens in many of its older democracies began questioning democracy's functioning and even its legitimacy.In Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe, Sheri Berman traces the long history of democracy in its cradle, Europe. She explains that in fact, just about every democratic wave in Europe initially failed, either collapsing in upon itself or succumbing to the forces of reaction. Yet even when democratic waves failed, there were always some achievements that lasted. Even the most virulently reactionary regimes could not suppress every element of democratic progress. Panoramic in scope, Berman takes readers through two centuries of turmoil: revolution, fascism, civil war, and-finally-the emergence of liberal democratic Europe in the postwar era.A magisterial retelling of modern European political history, Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe not explains how democracy actually develops, but how we should interpret the current wave of illiberalism sweeping Europe and the rest of the world.

Political history in the industrial world has indeed ended, argues this pioneering study, but the winner has been social democracy - an ideology and political movement that has been as influential as it has been misunderstood. Berman looks at the history of social democracy from its origins in the late nineteenth century to today and shows how it beat out competitors such as classical liberalism, orthodox Marxism, and its cousins, Fascism and National Socialism by solving the central challenge of modern politics - reconciling the competing needs of capitalism and democracy. Bursting on to the scene in the interwar years, the social democratic model spread across Europe after the Second World War and formed the basis of the postwar settlement. This is a study of European social democracy that rewrites the intellectual and political history of the modern era while putting contemporary debates about globalization in their proper intellectual and historical context.

In addition to revising our view of the interwar period and the building of European democracies, this book cuts against the grain of most current theorizing in political science by explicitly discussing when and how ideas influence political behavior. Even though German and Swedish Social Democrats belonged to the same transnational political movement and faced similar political and social conditions in their respective countries before and after World War I, they responded very differently to the challenges of democratization and the Great Depression--with crucial consequences for the fates of their countries and the world at large.Explaining why these two social democratic parties acted so differently is the primary task of this book. Berman's answer is that they had very different ideas about politics and economics--what she calls their programmatic beliefs. The Swedish Social Democrats placed themselves at the forefront of the drive for democratization; a decade later they responded to the Depression with a bold new economic program and used it to build a long period of political hegemony. The German Social Democrats, on the other hand, had democracy thrust upon them and then dithered when faced with economic crisis; their haplessness cleared the way for a bolder and more skillful political actor--Adolf Hitler.This provocative book will be of interest to anyone concerned with twentieth-century European history, the transition to democracy problem, or the role of ideas in politics.

At the end of the twentieth century, many believed the story of European political development had come to an end. Modern democracy began in Europe, but for hundreds of years it competed with various forms of dictatorship. Now, though, the entire continent was in the democratic camp for the first time in history. But within a decade, this story had already begun to unravel. Some of the continent's newer democracies slid back towards dictatorship, while citizens in many of its older democracies began questioning democracy's functioning and even its legitimacy. And of course it is not merely in Europe where democracy is under siege. Across the globe the immense optimism accompanying the post-Cold War democratic wave has been replaced by pessimism. Many new democracies in Latin America, Africa, and Asia began "backsliding," while the Arab Spring quickly turned into the Arab winter. The victory of Donald Trump led many to wonder if it represented a threat to the future of liberaldemocracy in the United States. Indeed, it is increasingly common today for leaders, intellectuals, commentators and others to claim that rather than democracy, some form dictatorship or illiberal democracy is the wave of the future.In Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe , Sheri Berman traces the long history of democracy in its cradle, Europe. She explains that in fact, just about every democratic wave in Europe initially failed, either collapsing in upon itself or succumbing to the forces of reaction. Yet even when democratic waves failed, there were always some achievements that lasted. Even the most virulently reactionary regimes could not suppress every element of democratic progress. Panoramic in scope, Berman takes readers through two centuries of revolution, fascism, civil war, and - -finally -- the emergence of liberal democratic Europe in the postwar era. A magisterial retelling of modern European political history, Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe not explains how democracy actually develops, but how we should interpret the current wave of illiberalism sweeping Europe and the rest of the world.

1.Editor’s Note - Introduction and Comments - Jennifer L. Hochschild 2.The Public Role of Political Science - Robert D. Putnam 3.lslamism, Revolution, and Civil Society - Sheri Berman 4.Contentious The Public Sphere and Democracy - John A. Guidry and Mark Q. Sawyer 5. State Captured Victorian-Era Anachronism or “Re-enforcing” Autonomous Structure? - Paul Teske 6.Losers in Politics (and How They Sometimes Become Winners): William Riker’s Heresthetic - Kenneth A. Shepsle 7.Beyond the The Complexity of U.S. Ballots - Richard G. Niemi and Paul S. Herrnson Symposium? War and Gender 8.Rough-and-Tumble Men Writing about Gender and War - Matthew Evangelista 9.Gender and Causes, Constructions, and Critique - Elisabeth Prugl 10.Uniform Assessing Women in Combat - Elizabeth Kier Perspectives 11.Political Science and Political The Pursuit of Grounded Inquiry - Mickey Edwards 12.FORUM ON SOCIAL SCIENCE AND LAW - Scholars in the Some Thoughts on Better Bridge Building - Patricia M. Wald 13. Cultures of Facts - Kim Lane Scheppele 14.How Judges Thinking about Social Science and Law - Sally J. Kenney Review Essay 15.Studying Democracy and Teaching What ls Happening in the Field of Comparative Politics? - Paulette Kurzer 16.Book Reviews - Reviews of 92 different books on Political Theory, American Politics, Comparative Politics and International Relations.

Sosyal Demokrasi Donemi, gecen yuzyilin donumunde ortaya cikan sol siyasetin siyasi karar alma sureclerine olan etkisini ele almaktadir. Siyasi partilere ve siyasetcilere, kritik konulardaki bir eylem planinin yerine alternatif olarak bir digerini secmek icin yol gosteren temel etkenleri incelemektedir. Bir yandan dusunsel akimlarla siyaset arasindaki yasamsal bagi ele almakta; diger yandan da fikirlerin siyasi aktorlerin davranislarini hangi donemeclerde ve nasil etkiledigini incelemektedir. Tarihsel acidan ise, Avrupa'daki sosyal demokrasi hareketinin I. Dunya Savasi ile II. Dunya Savasi arasinda gecen zor yillarda nasil bir yonelim izledigini ve nasil evrildigini gozler onune sermektedir.Sayfa 424Baski 2012 Phoenix

Gelismis sanayi donemindeki siyasi tarih, acik bir bicimde sosyal demokrasinin tartismayi kazanmasi ile sonuclandi. Sosyal Demokrasi bir ideoloji ve bir siyasi hareket olarak butun etkileyiciligine karsin, ne var ki, yanlis anlasilmaktan kurtulamamistir. Sheri Berman 19. yuzyildan gunumuze sosyal demokrasi tarihinin kokenlerine bakarak klasik Liberalizm, Ortodoks Marksizm ve onun kuzenleri olan Fasizm ve Nasyonel Sosyalizm gibi rakipleri karsisinda Sosyal Demokratik alternatifi one cikararak savunmaktadir.Siyasetin Sosyal Demokrasi ve Avrupa'da 20. Yuzyilin Insasi, kapitalizmin ve demokrasinin uzlasmaz gorunen sorunlarina siyasetin oncelligi perspektifinden bakarak tartisan ve Avrupa sosyal demokrasisini bu yonuyle tanimlayan bir kitaptir.Sayfa 416Baski 2012 Phoenix