Isaac Newton

In his monumental 1687 work, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, known familiarly as the Principia, Isaac Newton laid out in mathematical terms the principles of time, force, and motion that have guided the development of modern physical science. Even after more than three centuries and the revolutions of Einsteinian relativity and quantum mechanics, Newtonian physics continues to account for many of the phenomena of the observed world, and Newtonian celestial dynamics is used to determine the orbits of our space vehicles. This authoritative, modern translation by Cohen and Whitman, the first in over 285 years, is based on the 1726 edition, the final revised version approved by Newton; it includes extracts from the earlier editions, corrects errors found in earlier versions, and replaces archaic English with contemporary prose and up-to-date mathematical forms. Newton's principles describe acceleration, deceleration, and inertial movement; fluid dynamics; and the motions of the earth, moon, planets, and comets. A great work in itself, the Principia also revolutionized the methods of scientific investigation. It set forth the fundamental three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity, the physical principles that account for the Copernican system of the world as emended by Kepler, thus effectively ending controversy concerning the Copernican planetary system. The illuminating Guide to the Principia by I. Bernard Cohen, along with his and Anne Whitman's translation, make this preeminent work truly accessible for today's scientists, scholars, and students.

The System of the World by Isaac Newton. Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727) was an English physicist and mathematician who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution.This great work supplied the momentum for the Scientific Revolution and dominated physics for over 200 years.It was the ancient opinion of not a few, in the earliest ages of philosophy, that the fixed stars stood immoveable in the highest parts of the world; that, under the fixed stars the planets were carried about the sun; that the earth, us one of the planets, described an annual course about the sun, while by a diurnal motion it was in the mean time revolved about its own axis; and that the sun, as the common fire which served to warm the whole, was fixed in the centre of the universe.This was the philosophy taught of old by Philolaus, Aristarchus of Samos, Plato in his riper years, and the whole sect of the Pythagoreans; and this was the judgment of Anaximander, more ancient than any of them; and of that wise king of the Romans, Numa Pompilius, who, as a symbol of the figure of the world with the sun in the centre, erected a temple in honour of Vesta, of a round form, and ordained perpetual fire to be kept in the middle of it.

"Recommended to all scientists." — Journal of Royal Naval Scientific Service"The publishers do us a service by issuing this reprint." — The Institute of Physics"An underpinning for the entire edifice of physics." — Scientific AmericanA comprehensive survey of eighteenth-century knowledge about all aspects of light, Opticks also offers countless scientific insights by its distinguished author. One of the most readable of all the great classics of physical science, this volume will impress readers with its surprisingly modern perspectives.In language that lay readers can easily follow, Sir Isaac Newton describes his famous experiments with spectroscopy and colors, lenses, and the reflection and diffraction of light. Book I contains his fundamental experiments with the spectrum, Book II deals with the ring phenomena, and Book III covers diffraction. The work concludes with "Queries" — speculations concerning light and gravitation. Opticks is introduced with a Foreword by Albert Einstein.

A classic biblical analysis from the great physicist and philosopher

the classic work

Andrew Janiak examines Newton's philosophical positions and his relations to canonical figures in early modern philosophy through Newton's principal philosophical writings. Janiak's study includes excerpts from the Principia and the Opticks, Newton's famous correspondence with Boyle and with Bentley, and his equally significant correspondence with Leibniz, often ignored in favor of Leibniz's later debate with Samuel Clarke. (Newton's exchanges with Leibniz place their different understandings of natural philosophy in sharp relief.)

Aside from the Principia and occasional appearances of the Opticks , Newton's writings have remained largely inaccessible to students of philosophy, science, and literature as well as to other readers. This book provides a remedy with wide representation of the interests, problems, and diverse philosophic issues that preoccupied the greatest scientific mind of the seventeenth century.Grouped in sections corresponding to methods, principles, and theological considerations, these selections feature cross-references to related essays. Starting with an examination of the methods of natural philosophy — including the rules of reasoning, the formulation of hypotheses, and the experimental method — the essays explore the laws of motion and the relationships between God and gravity, creation, and universal design. Discussions of questions related to natural philosophy include theories on light, colors, and perceptions. The volume concludes with absorbing selections from the Opticks and a helpful series of historical and explanatory notes.

The fifth volume of this definitive edition centres around Newton's Lucasian lectures on algebra, purportedly delivered during 1673–83, and subsequently prepared for publication under the title Arithmetica Universalis many years later. Dr Whiteside first reproduces the text of the lectures deposited by Newton in the Cambridge University Library about 1684. In these much reworked, not quite finished, professional lectiones, Newton builds upon his earlier studies of the fundamentals of algebra and its application to the theory and construction of equations, developing new techniques for the factorizing of algebraic quantities and the delimitation of bounds to the number and location of roots, with a wealth of worked arithmetical, geometrical, mechanical and astronomical problems. An historical introduction traces what is known of the background to the parent manuscript and assesses the subsequent impact of the edition prepared by Whiston about 1705 and the revised version published by Newton himself in 1722. A number of minor worksheets, preliminary drafts and later augmentations buttress this primary text, throwing light upon its development and the essential untrustworthiness of its imposed marginal chronology.

وصف تاريخي لتحريفين مهمين في الكتاب المقدسقصة تحريف نصين هامين بالكتاب المقدس:التثليث والتجسد An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture : In a letter to a friend. رسالة إلى صديقسير اسحاق نيوتنترجمة وتعليق: هيثم سمير.ترجمة: هبة حداد و أحمد شاكر.نُشرت من مخطوطة مكتوبة بخط المؤلف بحيازة الدكتور إكينز، عميد كارلايرأعيد طبعهمن نسخة الأسقف هورسلي للأعمال الكاملة للسير اسحاق نيوتنبعض ما جاء في الكتاب----------------------نص رسالة نيوتنسيدي،نظراً لما أثارته فيك الكتابات الأخيرة من فضول لمعرفة حقيقية النص المقدس المتعلق بالثلاثة الذين يشهدون في السماء (يوحنا 1 : 5 – 7):أرسل لك بهذا الخصوص القراءات المختلفة لهذا النص في جميع العصور مع شرح لخطوات حدوث التغيير بحسب ما أمكنني الاطلاع عليه من السجلات إلى وقتنا هذا.ولقد كنتُ حراً في البحث ولشخص مثلك يعلم ما قامت به الكنيسة الكاثوليكية من اساءات عديدة تجاه العالم، فسيكون من النادر أن تقتنع بشيء ما يخالف الاعتقاد السائد.بحسب أوثلو، الرجال الأكثر تعلماً ووضوحاً (كأمثال لوثر، إيرازموس، بولينجر، جروثيوس، وبعض الأخرين) لا يمكن لهم نفاق معرفتهم، غير أن العامة ينافقون معرفتهم حتى لايحسبوا من ضمن الهراطقة.رغم أننا نهتف بقوةضدخداعات الكنيسة الكاثوليكية الورعة وجعل ذلكجزءاً من عقيدتنا للكشف والتخلي عن كل الأشياء من هذا القبيل: يجب علينا الاعترافبأننا نقوم بجريمة كبيرة لأنفسنا إذا رضينا بهذه التصرفات، ثم في البابوات الذين نلومهم من أجل هذه التصرفات. لأجل أنهم يتصرفون بحسب ما تمليه عليهم ديانتهم أما نحن فنناقض أنفسنا.1- في الأمم الشرقية ولوقت طويل في الغرب كان الإيمان مستمراً بدون نص الثالوث إلا أن هذا في الواقع يشكل خطراً الأن على الدين أكثر من كونه أفضلية له لأنه يجعله متكئاً على قصبة مرضوضة. لا توجد هنالك خدمة للحقيقة أكثر من تطهيرها من الزيف.ولأني أعلم مدى تعقلك وتريثك فإني متأكد أني لن أسيء إليك إذا أفصحت لك عن ما في ذهني بوضوح: خصوصاً وأني لن أتعرض لنقطة في الإيمان أو في قواعد النظام، كل ما في الأمر أني سأنقد نصاً من النصوص المقدسة فحسب.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Newton's new conception of the laws of the universe challenged centuries of received opinion, and laid a new foundation for our - common sense - understanding of the physical world. This book guides you through the essentials of Newton's argument in his own words, using only elementary mathematics.

At last―an illuminating and accessible edition of Isaac Newton's writings, intended for nonspecialist readers. I. Bernard Cohen and Richard S. Westfall have meticulously collected representative works from every major aspect of Newton's intellectual life. The book is divided into nine parts―Natural Philosophy, Scientific Method, Experimental Procedure, Optics, Rational Mechanics, Systems of the World, Alchemy and Theory of Matter, Theology, and Mathematics. Text and commentary are woven together, enabling readers to concentrate on the aspects of Newton's astoundingly diverse career they prefer. For each part, the editors provide an introductory essay and textual annotation. In addition, the text is amply illustrated. The General Introduction to the book sketches Newton's life and offers an interpretation of his scientific achievements. The Biographical Register identifies the many people Newton cites in his writings. The Glossary and Glossary of Chemical Terms explicate scientific terms and concepts. Finally, the Selected Bibliography offers suggestions for further readings of and about Newton.

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Sir Isaac NewtonMathematical Principles of Natural PhilosophyOpticsChristian HuygensTreatise on Light

Come Ulisse, Newton ci ha convinti che le colonne d'Ercole esistono solo nella nostra testa e che è giunto, finalmente, il momento di salpare.Dalla prefazione di Marco Malvaldi

English physicist and mathematician, Sir Isaac Newton is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of all time. Newton’s book ‘Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica’ laid the foundations for classical mechanics and ‘Optiks’ made seminal contributions to modern physical optics. This comprehensive eBook presents Newton’s collected works, with numerous illustrations, rare texts, informative introductions and the usual Delphi bonus material. (Version 1) * Beautifully illustrated with images relating to Newton’s life and works * New introductions, specially written for this collection, by Professor Kenneth Richard Seddon, OBE (QUILL, The Queen’s University of Belfast) * Images of how the books were first published, giving your eReader a taste of the original texts * Excellent formatting of the texts * Key works are fully illustrated with their original diagrams * Features three biographies - discover Newton’s intriguing life * Scholarly ordering of texts into chronological order and genres Please visit www.delphiclassics.com to browse through our range of exciting titles CONTENTS: Scientific Works PHILOSOPHIÆ NATURALIS PRINCIPIA MATHEMATICA THE MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY (MOTTE TRANSLATION) OPTICKS Theological Works THE CHRONOLOGY OF ANCIENT KINGDOMS AMENDED OBSERVATIONS ON DANIEL AND THE APOCALYPSE OF ST. JOHN AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF TWO NOTABLE CORRUPTIONS OF SCRIPTURE The Biographies MEMOIRS OF SIR ISAAC NEWTON’S LIFE by William Stukeley SIR ISAAC NEWTON by Sarah K. Bolton SIR ISAAC NEWTON by Henry Martyn Taylor Please visit www.delphiclassics.com to browse through our range of exciting titles or to purchase this eBook as a Parts Edition of individual eBooks

An Unabridged Publication of the William Thomson and Hugh Blackburn (1871) Authorized Reprint of Newton's Final Edition, To Include 'De Mundi Systemate' at Book's End, with Comprehensive Index. (In Latin)

GENERAL CONTENTS Preface History of the subject before the appearance of Newton's "Principia" Extracts from Newton's Principia and "System of the World" Biographical sketch of Newton Bouguer's "The Figure of the Earth" Biographical sketch of Bouguer The Bertier controversy Account of Maskelyne's experiments on Scheliallien Cavendish's "Experiments to determine the mean density of the Earth" Biographical sketch of Cavendish Historical account of the experiments made since the time of Cavendish Table of results of experiments Bibliography Index

This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Numele lui Isaac Newton este de obicei asociat cu formularea legilor miscarii si ale agravitatiei universale, precum si cu dezvoltarea teoriei culorii. Exista insa o latura mai putin cunoscuta a marelui om de stiinta, surprinsa in acest volum prin traducerea in premiera in limba romana – pe langa segmentele din tratatele sale celebre – a unor articole, scrisori si fragmente de manuscris. Astfel, cititorul roman se poate edifica asupra unor teme din gandirea newtoniana care tin atat de metoda experimentala si formularea ipotezelor stiintifice, cat si de creatia lumii, planul divin si relatia dintre Dumnezeu si legile naturii. Filosofia naturala se adreseaza, prin urmare, tuturor celor interesati, de stiinta si de istoria ideilor in general.

The second volume of Dr Whiteside's annotated edition of all the known mathematical papers of Isaac Newton covers the period 1667–70. It is divided into three Part 1 contains the first drafts of an attempted classification of cubics, together with more general studies on the properties of higher algebraic curves and researches into the 'organic' construction of curves. Part 2 comprises papers on miscellaneous researches in calculus, including the important De Analysi which introduced Newton to John Collins and others outside Cambridge; Newton's original text is here accompanied by Leibniz's excerpts and review, and by Newton's counter review. Part 3 contains Mercator's Latin translation of Kinckhuysen's introduction to algebra, with Newton's corrections and 'observations' upon it, and an account of researches into algebraic equations and their geometrical construction.

The main part of the third volume of Dr Whiteside's annotated and critical edition of all the known mathematical papers of Isaac Newton reproduces, from the original autograph, Newton's elaborate tract on infinite series and fluxions (the so-called Methodus Fluxionum), including a formerly unpublished appendix on geometrical fluxions. Ancillary documents include, in Part 1, papers on the integration of algebraic functions and, in Part 2, short texts dealing with geometry and simple harmonic motion in a cycloidal arc. Part 3 reproduces, from both manuscript versions of Newton's Lectiones Opticae and from his Waste Book, mathematical excerpts from his researches into light and the theory of lenses at this period. An appendix summarizes mathematical highlights in his contemporary correspondence.

Primeira obra de física teórica, no sentido moderno, possui, além de sua importância histórica, um reconhecido valor pedagógico. Publicada pela primeira vez em 1687, nela Newton expõe seu método que deriva as causas de todas as coisas a partir dos princípios mais simples possíveis, comprovados pelo estudo dos fenômenos. Dessa forma, lança as bases da mecânica de maneira categórica, utilizando uma forma e um critério de comunicação científica que se tornaram modelo na área. A edição tem como base a versão para o inglês realizada por André Motte, em 1729, e traz o apêndice histórico e explicativo de Florian Cajori, feito para a edição de Crawford de 1934. Reproduz também o prefácio de Roger Cotes para a segunda edição que situa as polêmicas científicas vividas por Newton em sua época.

This fifth volume presents the surviving correspondence from the period of almost four years which is, from a bibliographical point of view, the most important time in Newton's with Roger Cotes, Newton revised his Philosophise Naturalis Principia Mathematics and saw it through the press. Considered as a single group of letters, the Newton-Cotes correspondence is the largest and most important section of Newton's scientific correspondence that we have. Nowhere else can one witness Newton in a detailed debate about scientific argument and scientific conclusions – a debate from which he did not always emerge victorious. Nowhere else does Newton write in detail about the text of the Principia. And all scholars agree that this text which was hammered out between Cotes and Newton was the most important of all versions, printed and unprinted; this was (to all intents and purposes) the Principia of subsequent history.

Rare book

This volume reproduces the texts of a number of important, yet relatively minor papers, many written during a period of Newton's life (1677–84) which has been regarded as mathematically barren except for his Lucasian lectures on algebra (which appear in Volume V). Part 1 concerns itself with his growing mastery of interpolation by finite differences, culminating in his rule for divided differences. Part 2 deals with his contemporary advances in the pure and analytical geometry of curves. Part 3 contains the extant text of two intended treatises on fluxions and infinite the Geometria Curvilinea (c. 1680), and his Matheseos Universalis Specimina (1684). A general introduction summarizes the sparse details of Newton's personal life during the period, one – from 1677 onwards – of almost total isolation from his contemporaries. A concluding appendix surveys highlights in his mathematical correspondence during 1674–6 with Collins, Dary, John Smith and above all Leibniz.

Esta é a tradução da parte final da obra máxima de Isaac Newton, Livros II e III, que complementa o Livro I do Principia, também publicado pela Edusp. É uma das obras científicas mais importantes de todos os tempos, tendo sido publicada originalmente em 1687. No Livro II Newton estuda o movimento de corpos em meios com resistência, sendo que no Livro III apresenta sua teoria da gravitação universal, o coroamento de sua obra. A edição tem como base a versão para o inglês realizada por Andrew Motte, em 1729, e traz o apêndice histórico e explicativo de Florian Cajori, feito para a edição de Crawford de 1934. O texto inclui também a tradução da obra de Newton na qual discute de forma não matemática sua concepção cosmológica, O Sistema do Mundo.

The Method of Fluxions and Infinite With Its Application to the Geometry of Curve-Lines is a book written by the renowned English mathematician and physicist, Sir Isaac Newton. Originally published in 1736, the book is a comprehensive treatise on the subject of calculus, which Newton himself had developed in the late 17th century.The book is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the concept of fluxions, which is Newton's term for what is now known as derivatives. The second part covers infinite series, which are used to represent functions as a sum of infinitely many terms. These concepts are the foundation of calculus, and the book provides a detailed explanation of their development and application.In addition to the mathematical theory, the book also includes practical examples and applications of calculus to the geometry of curve-lines. Newton uses this to demonstrate how calculus can be used to solve real-world problems, such as the determination of the area and length of curves.Overall, The Method of Fluxions and Infinite Series is a seminal work in the history of mathematics, and remains a valuable resource for students and scholars of calculus and mathematical physics.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.