
Irvin David Yalom, M.D., is an author of fiction and nonfiction, Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry at Stanford University, an existentialist, and accomplished psychotherapist. Born in a Jewish family in Washington DC in 1931, he grew up in a poor ethnic area. Avoiding the perils of his neighborhood, he spent most of his childhood indoors, reading books. After graduating with a BA from George Washington University in 1952 and as a Doctor of Medicine from Boston University School of Medicine in 1956 he went on to complete his internship at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York and his residency at the Phipps Clinic of Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and completed his training in 1960. After two years of Army service at Tripler General Hospital in Honolulu, Yalom began his academic career at Stanford University. He was appointed to the faculty in 1963 and then promoted over the next several years and granted tenure in 1968. Soon after this period he made some of his most lasting contributions by teaching about group psychotherapy and developing his model of existential psychotherapy. In addition to his scholarly, non-fiction writing, Yalom has produced a number of novels and also experimented with writing techniques. In Everyday Gets a Little Closer Yalom invited a patient to co-write about the experience of therapy. The book has two distinct voices which are looking at the same experience in alternating sections. Yalom's works have been used as collegiate textbooks and standard reading for psychology students. His new and unique view of the patient/client relationship has been added to curriculum in Psychology programs at such schools as John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York City. The American Psychiatric Association awarded Irvin Yalom the 2000 Oskar Pfister Award (for important contributions to religion and psychiatry). Yalom has continued to maintain a part-time private practice and has authoried a number of video documentaries on theapeutic techniques. Yalom is also featured in the 2003 documentary Flight From Death, a film that investigates the relationship of human violence to fear of death, as related to subconscious influences. source: Colibri Bookstore
From bestselling author Irv Yalom comes a riveting blend of fact and fiction, a drama of love, fate, and will, played out agains the intellectual ferment of nineteenth-century Vienna on the eve of the birth of psychoanalysis.Friedrich Nietzsche, Europe's greatest philosopher ...Josef Breuer, one of the founding fathers of psychoanalysis ...a secret pact ...a young medical intern named Sigmund Freud: These are the elements that combine to create the unforgettable saga of an imagined relationship between an extraordinary patient and a gifted healer.As the tale opens, the unattainable Lou Salomé begs Breuer to help treat Nietzsche's suicidal despair using his experimental "talking cure." As the eminent physician reluctantly accepts the task, he makes a powerful discovery-only through facing up to his own inner demons can he begin to help his patient.In this compelling novel, two brilliant and enigmatic men plumb the depths of their own romantic obsessions and discover the redemptive power of friendship.
The collection of ten absorbing tales by master psychotherapist Irvin D. Yalom uncovers the mysteries, frustrations, pathos, and humor at the heart of the therapeutic encounter. In recounting his patients' dilemmas, Yalom not only gives us a rare and enthralling glimpse into their personal desires and motivations but also tells us his own story as he struggles to reconcile his all-too human responses with his sensibility as a psychiatrist. Not since Freud has an author done so much to clarify what goes on between a psychotherapist and a patient.
Suddenly confronted with his own mortality after a routine checkup, eminent psychotherapist Julius Hertzfeld is forced to reexamine his life and work—and seeks out Philip Slate, a sex addict whom he failed to help some twenty years earlier. Yet Philip claims to be cured—miraculously transformed by the pessimistic teachings of German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer—and is, himself, a philosophical counselor in training. Philips dour, misanthropic stance compels Julius to invite Philip to join his intensive therapy group in exchange for tutoring on Schopenhauer. But with mere months left, life may be far too short to help Philip or to compete with him for the hearts and minds of the group members. And then again, it might be just long enough.
by Irvin D. Yalom
Rating: 4.3 ⭐
Anyone interested in psychotherapy or personal growth will rejoice at the publication of The Gift of Therapy, a masterwork from one of today's most accomplished psychological thinkers. From his thirty-five years as a practicing psychiatrist and as an award-winning author, Irvin D. Yalom imparts his unique wisdom in The Gift of Therapy. This remarkable guidebook for successful therapy is, as Yalom remarks, "an idiosyncratic mÉlange of ideas and techniques that I have found useful in my work. These ideas are so personal, opinionated, and occasionally original that the reader is unlikely to encounter them elsewhere. I selected the eighty-five categories in this volume randomly guided by my passion for the task rather than any particular order or system." At once startlingly profound and irresistibly practical, Yalom's insights will help enrich the therapeutic process for a new generation of patients and counselors.
From the bestselling author of Love's Executioner and When Nietzsche Wept comes a provocative exploration of the unusual relationships three therapists form with their patients. Seymour is a therapist of the old school who blurs the boundary of sexual propriety with one of his clients. Marshal, who is haunted by his own obsessive-compulsive behaviors, is troubled by the role money plays in his dealings with his patients. Finally, there is Ernest Lash. Driven by his sincere desire to help and his faith in psychoanalysis, he invents a radically new approach to therapy -- a totally open and honest relationship with a patient that threatens to have devastating results.Exposing the many lies that are told on and off the psychoanalyst's couch, Lying on the Couch gives readers a tantalizing, almost illicit, glimpse at what their therapists might really be thinking during their sessions. Fascinating, engrossing and relentlessly intelligent, it ultimately moves readers with a denouncement of surprising humanity and redemptive faith.
When sixteen-year-old Alfred Rosenberg is called into his headmaster’s office for anti-Semitic remarks he made during a school speech, he is forced, as punishment, to memorize passages about Spinoza from the autobiography of the German poet Goethe. Rosenberg is stunned to discover that Goethe, his idol, was a great admirer of the Jewish seventeenth-century philosopher Baruch Spinoza. Long after graduation, Rosenberg remains haunted by this “Spinoza problem”: how could the German genius Goethe have been inspired by a member of a race Rosenberg considers so inferior to his own, a race he was determined to destroy?Spinoza himself was no stranger to punishment during his lifetime. Because of his unorthodox religious views, he was excommunicated from the Amsterdam Jewish community in 1656, at the age of twenty-four, and banished from the only world he had ever known. Though his life was short and he lived without means in great isolation, he nonetheless produced works that changed the course of history. Over the years, Rosenberg rose through the ranks to become an outspoken Nazi ideologue, a faithful servant of Hitler, and the main author of racial policy for the Third Reich. Still, his Spinoza obsession lingered. By imagining the unexpected intersection of Spinoza’s life with Rosenberg’s, internationally bestselling novelist Irvin D. Yalom explores the mindsets of two men separated by 300 years. Using his skills as a psychiatrist, he explores the inner lives of Spinoza, the saintly secular philosopher, and of Rosenberg, the godless mass murderer.
Written in Irv Yalom's inimitable story-telling style, Staring at the Sun is a profoundly encouraging approach to the universal issue of mortality. In this magisterial opus, capping a lifetime of work and personal experience, Dr. Yalom helps us recognize that the fear of death is at the heart of much of our anxiety. Such recognition is often catalyzed by an "awakening experience"—a dream, or loss (the death of a loved one, divorce, loss of a job or home), illness, trauma, or aging. Once we confront our own mortality, Dr. Yalom writes, we are inspired to rearrange our priorities, communicate more deeply with those we love, appreciate more keenly the beauty of life, and increase our willingness to take the risks necessary for personal fulfillment.
"The publication of Creatures of a Day is reason to celebrate." - Steven PinkerIn this stunning collection of stories, renowned psychiatrist Irvin D. Yalom describes his patients' struggles -- as well as his own -- to come to terms with the two great challenges of existence: how to have a meaningful life yet reckon with its inevitable end. We meet a nurse who must stifle the pain of losing her son in order to comfort her patients' pains, a newly minted psychologist whose studies damage her treasured memories of a lost friend, and a man whose rejection of psychological inquiry forces even Yalom himself into a crisis of confidence.Creatures of a Day is a radically honest statement about the difficulties of human life, but also a celebration of some of the finest fruits -- love, family, friendship -- it can offer. Marcus Aurelius has written that "we are all creatures of a day." With Yalom as our guide, we will find the means to make our own day not only bearable, but also meaningful and joyful.
Bestselling author of Love's Executioner and The Gift of Therapy, psychotherapist Irvin D. Yalom probes further into the mysteries of the therapeutic encounter in this entertaining and thoughtful collection. In six enthralling stories drawn from his own clinical experience, Irvin D. Yalom once again proves himself an intrepid explorer of the human psyche as he guides his patients--and himself--toward transformation. With eloquent detail and sharp-eyed observation Yalom introduces us to a memorable cast of characters. Drifting through his dreams and trampling through his thoughts are Paula, Yalom's "courtesan of death"; Myrna, whose eavesdropping gives new meaning to patient confidentiality; Magnolia, into whose ample lap Yalom longs to pour his own sorrows, even as he strives to ease hers; and Momma--ill-tempered, overpowering, and suffocating her son with both love and disapproval. A richly rewarding, almost illicit glimpse into the therapist's heart and mind, Momma and the Meaning of Life illuminates the unique potential of every human relationship.
A year-long journey by the renowned psychiatrist and his writer wife after her terminal diagnosis, as they reflect on how to love and live without regret. Internationally acclaimed psychiatrist and author Irvin Yalom devoted his career to counseling those suffering from anxiety and grief. But never had he faced the need to counsel himself until his wife, esteemed feminist author Marilyn Yalom, was diagnosed with cancer. In A Matter of Death and Life, Marilyn and Irv share how they took on profound new struggles: Marilyn to die a good death, Irv to live on without her. In alternating accounts of their last months together and Irv's first months alone, they offer us a rare window into facing mortality and coping with the loss of one's beloved. The Yaloms had numerous blessings—a loving family, a Palo Alto home under a magnificent valley oak, a large circle of friends, avid readers around the world, and a long, fulfilling marriage—but they faced death as we all do. With the wisdom of those who have thought deeply, and the familiar warmth of teenage sweethearts who've grown up together, they investigate universal questions of intimacy, love, and grief. Informed by two lifetimes of experience, A Matter of Death and Life is an openhearted offering to anyone seeking support, solace, and a meaningful life.
Dive into this educational and entertaining work on group psychotherapy and see firsthand how it has been helping patients learn and grow for years.Hailed by Jerome Frank as "the best book that exists on the subject," Irvin D. Yalom's The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy has been the standard text in the field for decades.In this completely revised and updated fifth edition, Dr. Yalom and his collaborator Dr. Molyn Leszcz expand the book to include the most recent developments in the field, drawing on nearly a decade of new research as well as their broad clinical wisdom and expertise.New topics include: online therapy, specialized groups, ethnocultural diversity, trauma and managed care.At once scholarly and lively, this is the most up-to-date, incisive, and comprehensive text available on group psychotherapy.
Bestselling writer and psychotherapist Irvin D. Yalom puts himself on the couch in a lapidary memoir.Irvin D. Yalom has made a career of investigating the lives of others. In this profound memoir, he turns his writing and his therapeutic eye on himself. He opens his story with a nightmare: He is twelve and is riding his bike past the home of an acne-scarred girl. Like every morning, he calls out, hoping to befriend her, "Hello Measles!" But in his dream, the girl's father makes Yalom understand that his daily greeting had hurt her. For Yalom, this was the birth of empathy; he would not forget the lesson. As Becoming Myself unfolds, we see the birth of the insightful thinker whose books have been a beacon to so many. This is not simply a man's life story, Yalom's reflections on his life and development are an invitation for us to reflect on the origins of our own selves and the meanings of our lives.
The noted Stanford University psychiatrist distills the essence of a wide range of therapies into a masterful, creative synthesis, opening up a new way of understanding each person's confrontation with four ultimate concerns: isolation, meaninglessness, death, and freedom.
The many thousands of readers of the best-selling Love's Executioner will welcome this paperback edition of an earlier work by Dr. Irvin Yalom, written with Ginny Elkin, a pseudonymous patient whom he treated -- the first book to share the dual reflections of psychiatrist and patient. Ginny Elkin was a troubled young and talented writer whom the psychiatric world had labeled as "schizoid." After trying a variety of therapies, she entered into private treatment with Dr. Irvin Yalom at Stanford University. As part of their work together, they agreed to write separate journals of each of their sessions. Every Day Gets a Little Closer is the product of that arrangement, in which they alternately relate their descriptions and feelings about their therapeutic relationship.
A deeply moving and revealing chronicle, from one of the most prominent psychotherapists of our time, of working under wholly new circumstances, and the challenges and breakthroughs he’s made as he takes on patients for one hour, one time only.Facing memory loss at age 93, as well as the fallout from a global pandemic that moved much of daily life online, legendary psychotherapist and bestselling author Irvin Yalom was forced to vastly reconsider the shape of his sessions with patients. But rather than throw in the towel in the face of change, Dr. Yalom considered the limitations imposed by these new realities head on, and revolutionized his practice. Dr. Yalom wondered if perhaps his own practice could focus deeply on the work that could be achieved in a one-hour, one-time meeting between patient and practitioner—employing an even more concerted use of his “here and now” approach. As he began these one-time sessions, the beloved veteran therapist found himself freed to reach ever deeper places with new patients on a shortened timeline, without the buffer of future appointments. Working within new constraints, Dr. Yalom learned to build greater intimacy much faster than in traditional therapy—a gift of circumstance.In Hour of the Heart, Yalom recounts some of these intense, life-changing consultations, exploring an array of human predicaments, and his own late-career development as a therapist. In recounting these consultations, he shows how a therapist’s willingness to be open themselves helps the patient let down their own guard, leading to a deeper and more immediate connection—one necessary to achieve profound realizations in just sixty minutes. For Yalom, that vulnerability meant allowing himself to reveal details of his personal life, from his childhood in Washington, DC with immigrant parents, to the recent death of his wife, and questions about the work of psychotherapy in our lives outside the appointment.Life is precious and our time together short. Hour of the Heart shows us how to relate to each other better in the moment, with more honesty and vulnerability. That hour of connection, occurring during a time of isolation and grief for so many, helped to sustain both patient and therapist, and enriched Yalom’s vision of what psychotherapy can do. This transformative account of a new way of connecting and sharing is for all of us looking to build relationships with greater immediacy, authenticity, and openness—not only as patients and practitioners, but in every area of life.
As the farewell banquet of my fiftieth medical school reunion came to a close, Robert Brent, my old friend, my only remaining friend from medical school days, gestured to me that he needed to talk. Though we had taken different professional directions, he into heart surgery and I into the talking cure for broken hearts, we had established a close bond that we both knew would be lifelong. When Bob took my arm to pull me aside, I knew something portentous was up. Bob rarely touched me. We shrinks notice things like that. He leaned to my ear and rasped, "Something heavy is going on... the past is erupting... my two lives, night and day, are joining. I need to talk."
''İnsanın varoluşundaki acıyı anlıyorum, ama acı çekmenin, hayattan vazgeçmeyi gerektirecek kadar da bizi sarıp sarmalayan bir şey olduğunu sanmıyorum. Hayatlarını dolu dolu yaşamış oldukları duygusunu taşıyan, potansiyellerini ve yazgılarını gerçekleştirmiş olan kişiler, ölümle karşılaşınca daha az paniğe kapılıyorlar. Ben, Kazancakis'in en önemli eseri Odysseia'da verdiği öğüdü çok severim. Hayatla ilgili öğüdü şudur: 'Yanıp kül olmuş bir şatodan başka şey bırakmayın ölüme.' Hayatımız için hiç de fena bir yol gösterici değil bu - ve tabii terapi çalışmalarımız için de." diyen Irvin D. Yalom'dan hayatın temel gayesini ve insanoğlunun baş etmek zorunda kaldığı kaygıları sorgulayan aydınlatıcı bir metin. Okurunu bir kez daha "Neden varım?" sorusuyla karşı karşıya getiren derinlikli bir sohbet.
In both his nonfiction and his fiction, Yalom uses the lens of psychotherapy to explore human nature and shows us that the line between the true and the imagined is not always easy to distinguish. What has driven Dr. Yalom from the beginning of his career is a powerful interest in narrative and it is this passion that ties these selections together. It is possible to come to The Yalom Reader from many different perspectives and be richly rewarded. Readers of Dr. Yalom's clinical texts will be intrigued by the fictional entries; general readers will gain a greater understanding of and appreciation for the practice of psychotherapy. All will find the mark of a master. Dr. Yalom has written an introductory essay for the Reader, section introductions and three new essays on narrative.
This essential book for front-line clinicians offers new ways of conceptualizing the techniques of group therapy for use on acute wards. Yalom makes a strong case for the efficacy of group therapy on all acute wards. He discusses how to structure the session and the kind of support that should be offered. The emphasis is on the here-and-now. He then presents two models of groups: one for the higher functioning and one for the more regressed psychotic patients.
Eine Reise in die Welt der Psychoanalyse!Als Ginny Elkin, eine begabte und problembeladene junge Schriftstellerin, sich zu einer persönlichen Analyse bei dem Psychoanalytiker Irvin D. Yalom entschließt, treffen Therapeut und Patientin eine Übereinkunft: Jeder wird ein Tagebuch führen, in dem er minutiös festhält, wie ihre Arbeit vorankommt. Eine ungewöhnliche Therapie, in deren Verlauf ganz persönlich Fortschritte und Rückschläge geschildert werden.
by Irvin D. Yalom
Rating: 4.3 ⭐
Creatures of a Day:In this stunning collection of stories, renowned psychiatrist Irvin D. Yalom describes his patients' struggles -- as well as his own -- to come to terms with the two great challenges of existence: how to have a meaningful life yet reckon with its inevitable end. We meet a nurse who must stifle the pain of losing her son in order to comfort her patients' pains, a newly minted psychologist.The Gift of Therapy:Acclaimed author and renowned psychiatrist Irvin D. Yalom distills thirty-five years of psychotherapy wisdom into one brilliant volume. The culmination of master psychiatrist Dr. Irvin D. Yalom’s more than thirty-five years in clinical practice, The Gift of Therapy is a remarkable and essential guidebook that illustrates through real case studies how patients and therapists alike can get the most out of therapy.Staring at the Sun:Written in Irv Yalom's inimitable story-telling style, Staring at the Sun is a profoundly encouraging approach to the universal issue of mortality. In this magisterial opus, capping a lifetime of work and personal experience, Dr. Yalom helps us recognize that the fear of death is at the heart of much of our anxiety. Such recognition is often catalyzed by an "awakening experience"—a dream, or loss (the death of a loved one, divorce, loss of a job or home), illness, trauma, or aging.
Please Note That The Following Individual Books As Per Original ISBN and Cover Image In this Listing shall be Dispatched Collectively: Irvin Yalom Collection 3 Books Set: Staring At The Sun: Over the past quarter century Irvin Yalom has established himself as the world's leading group psychotherapist. In STARING AT THE SUN, he explores how the knowledge of our own mortality affects the unconscious mind of every human being. Tackling the effect of mankind's fear of death - both conscious and unconscious - on life and how we might live it, Yalom explains how we find ourselves in need of the comfort of therapy. The Gift Of Therapy: The culmination of master psychiatrist Dr. Irvin D. Yalom's more than thirty-five years in clinical practice, The Gift of Therapy is a remarkable and essential guidebook that illustrates through real case studies how patients and therapists alike can get the most out of therapy. Love's Executioner: In this engrossing book, Irvin Yalom gives detailed and deeply affecting accounts of his work with these and seven other patients. Deep down, all of them were suffering from the basic human anxieties - isolation, fear of death or freedom, a sense of the meaninglessness of life - that none of us can escape completely. And yet, as the case histories make touchingly clear, it is only by facing such anxieties head on that we can hope to come to terms with them and develop.
اروين د. يالوم با بررسي زندگي ديگران داستانهاي فراواني خلق کرده است. شدم آنکه هستم، خاطرات دور زندگي خود اوست. در اين کتاب او زندگياش را با ديدگاه درماني خود بررسي ميکند و به کاوش در ارتباطاتي ميپردازد که او را ساخته و به کار پيشگامانهاش در رواندرماني مشهور کرده است. يالوم از اولين نسل کودکان مهاجر يهودي روس است که در محلهاي از طبقهي اجتماعي پايين در واشينگتن ديسي بزرگ شده. او تصميم ميگيرد که از آن محدوده فرار کند و پزشک شود. تکامل باورنکردني او به گونهاي دنبال ميشود که ما شاهد آغاز اين روند از دانشکدهي پزشکي دانشگاه استنفورد در ميان تحولات فرهنگي دههي 1960 هستيم. او به نوشتن داستانهايي روي ميآورد که به شناخت بيشتر روان انسان و شهرت جهاني او منجر ميشود. يالوم کار انقلابي خود را در رواندرماني گروهي آغاز ميکند و به مسير تحولي ميپردازد که او را به پيشروترين متخصص رواندرماني اگزيستانسيال تبديل کرده است، روشي که بر اساس نظريههاي متفکران بزرگ در طول سالها ترسيم شده است. او در بسياري از کتابهايش مانند درمان شوپنهاور و وقتي نيچه گريست نشان ميدهد که چگونه روانشناسي و فلسفه ميتواند بينش جديدي نسبت به موقعيتهاي انساني ايجاد کند. درهمآميختن عشق و داستانهاي بيماران به يادماندني با داستانهاي شخصياش باعث ميشود که خوانندگان اين کتاب با تکنيکهاي درماني يالوم، فرايند نوشتن و زندگي خانوادگي او نزديکتر شوند.
by Irvin D. Yalom
Rating: 4.1 ⭐
Desde el principio de su carrera en su esfuerzo por comprender y ensenar la psicoterapia Irvin D. Yalom se sintio fascinado por dos de las principales aproximaciones a la cuestion: la terapia de grupo y la terapia existencial. Primero, como medico y cientifico, sus textos se basaron en la investigacion empirica. Mas tarde, a medida que exploraba el campo de la terapia existencial, empezo a pensar que las preguntas esenciales en torno a la vida humana no se prestan a la investigacion empirica. Sin embargo, su trabajo anterior a ese descubrimiento continua siendo esencial en el campo en cuestion, como demuestra la recopilacion de ensayos recogida en este volumen, complementario de otro titulado Psicologia y literatura, tambien publicado por Paidos, y dedicado a las relaciones del autor con las artes narrativas. Y es que desde el principio de su carrera Yalom supo que la mejor contribucion que podia hacer a la psiquiatria seria como narrador. De ahi que los textos que conforman este libro, aun no siendo especificamente literarios, utilicen el relato como terapia, tanto desde el punto de vista del profesional como del paciente. De la adiccion al alcohol a las enfermedades terminales, pasando por la ansiedad provocada por el miedo a la muerte, cada uno de los capitulos explora, desde una rigurosa perspectiva clinica a su vez profundamente literaria, algunos de los temas mas importantes de la condicion humana.
Irvin D. Yalom 2-Book Set:Staring at the SunOver the past quarter century Irvin Yalom has established himself as the world's leading group psychotherapist. In STARING AT THE SUN, he explores how the knowledge of our own mortality affects the unconscious mind of every human being. Tackling the effect of mankind's fear of death - both conscious and unconscious - on life and how we might live it, Yalom explains how we find ourselves in need of the comfort of therapy. At age 70 and facing his own fear of death, which he discusses in a special afterword, Dr Yalom tackles his toughest subject yet and finds it to be the root cause of patients' fears, stresses and depression.The Gift of TherapyThe culmination of master psychiatrist Dr. Irvin D. Yalom's more than thirty-five years in clinical practice, The Gift of Therapy is a remarkable and essential guidebook that illustrates through real case studies how patients and therapists alike can get the most out of therapy. A book aimed at enriching the therapeutic process for a new generation of patients and counsellors, Yalom's Gift of Therapy is an entertaining, informative, and insightful read for anyone with an interest in the subject.
Una oda al amor, además de precioso homenaje al cuidado de los seres queridos que aborda todos los temas existenciales que nos conciernen. El reconocido psiquiatra Irvin Yalom ha dedicado su carrera profesional a asesorar y preparar a quienes sufren el doloroso proceso del duelo. Pero nunca se había enfrentado a la necesidad de ayudarse a sí mismo hasta que a su esposa, la célebre autora feminista Marilyn Yalom, le diagnostican un cáncer terminal.En Inseparables. Sobre el amor, la vida y la muerte , ambos narran en primera persona los últimos doce meses de vida de Marilyn. Casados durante sesenta y cinco años, la pareja explica con dulzura y franqueza cómo reciben en primer lugar el diagnóstico y cómo afrontan, juntos, la enfermedad y su desarrollo. Así, mientras Marilyn deberá aprender a tener una buena muerte, Irvin tendrá que enfrentarse a la soledad, además de a su propio final.Inseparables. Sobre el amor, la vida y la muerte es la obra más personal de uno de los mayores expertos mundiales en psicoterapia, unas páginas hermosas y sinceras para quien busque apoyo, consuelo y una vida plena, que nos ayudan a entender la muerte y a aceptar la pérdida de un ser querido.