Dava Sobel

Alternative cover edition for this isbn here Anyone alive in the eighteenth century would have known that "the longitude problem" was the thorniest scientific dilemma of the day--and had been for centuries. Lacking the ability to measure their longitude, sailors throughout the great ages of exploration had been literally lost at sea as soon as they lost sight of land. Thousands of lives and the increasing fortunes of nations hung on a resolution. One man, John Harrison, in complete opposition to the scientific community, dared to imagine a mechanical solution--a clock that would keep precise time at sea, something no clock had ever been able to do on land. Longitude is the dramatic human story of an epic scientific quest and of Harrison's forty-year obsession with building his perfect timekeeper, known today as the chronometer. Full of heroism and chicanery, it is also a fascinating brief history of astronomy, navigation, and clockmaking, and opens a new window on our world.

Dramatically recolors the personality and accomplishment of a mythic figure whose seventeenth-century clash with Catholic doctrine continues to define the schism between science and religion.Inspired by a long fascination with Galileo, and by the remarkable surviving letters of Galileo's daughter, a cloistered nun, Dava Sobel has written a biography unlike any other of the man Albert Einstein called "the father of modern physics--indeed of modern science altogether." Galileo's Daughter also presents a stunning portrait of a person hitherto lost to history, described by her father as "a woman of exquisite mind, singular goodness, and most tenderly attached to me." The son of a musician, Galileo Gahlei (1564-1642) tried at first to enter a monastery before engaging the skills that made him the foremost scientist of his day. Though he never left Italy, his inventions and discoveries were heralded around the world. Most sensationally, his telescopes allowed him to reveal a new reality in the heavens and to reinforce the astounding argument that the Earth moves around the Sun. For this belief, he was brought before the Holy Office of the Inquisition, accused of heresy, and forced to spend his last years under house arrest. Of Galileo's three illegitimate children, the eldest best mirrored his own brilliance, industry, and sensibility, and by virtue of these qualities became his confidante. Born Virginia in 1600, she was thirteen when Galileo placed her in a convent near him in Florence, where she took the most appropriate name of Suor Maria Celeste. Her loving support, which Galileo repaid in kind, proved to be her father's greatest source of strength throughout his most productive and tumultuous years. Her presence, through letters which Sobel has translated from their original Italian and masterfully woven into the narrative, graces her father's life now as it did then. Galileo's Daughter dramatically recolors the personality and accomplishment of a mythic figure whose seventeenth-century clash with Catholic doctrine continues to define the schism between science and religion. Moving between Galileo's grand public life and Maria Celeste's sequestered world, Sobel illuminates the Florence of the Medicis and the papal court in Rome during the pivotal era when humanity's perception of its place in the cosmos was being overturned. In that same time, while the bubonic plague wreaked its terrible devastation and the Thirty Years' War tipped fortunes across Europe, one man sought to reconcile the Heaven he revered as a good Catholic with the heavens he revealed through his telescope. With all the human drama and scientific adventure that distinguished Longitude, Galileo's Daughter is an unforgettable story.

Dava Sobel's The Glass Universe will be available from Viking in December 2016With her bestsellers Longitude and Galileo's Daughter , Dava Sobel introduced readers to her rare gift for weaving complex scientific concepts into a compelling narrative. Now Sobel brings her full talents to bear on what is perhaps her most ambitious topic to date-the planets of our solar system. Sobel explores the origins and oddities of the planets through the lens of popular culture, from astrology, mythology, and science fiction to art, music, poetry, biography, and history. Written in her characteristically graceful prose, The Planets is a stunningly original celebration of our solar system and offers a distinctive view of our place in the universe.* A New York Times extended bestseller* A Featured Alternate of the Book-of-the-Month Club, History Book Club, Scientific American Book Club, and Natural Science Book Club* Includes 11 full-color illustrations by artist Lynette R. Cook"[ The Planets ] lets us fall in love with the heavens all over again."- The New York Times Book Review"Playful . . . lyrical . . . a guided tour so imaginative that we forget we're being educated as we're being entertained."- Newsweek" [Sobel] has outdone her extraordinary talent for keeping readers enthralled. . . . Longitude and Galileo's Daughter were exciting enough, but The Planets has a charm of its own . . . . A splendid and enticing book."- San Francisco Chronicle"A sublime journey. [Sobel's] writing . . . is as bright as the sun and its thinking as star-studded as the cosmos."- The Atlanta Journal-Constitution"An incantatory serenade to the Solar System. Grade A-"- Entertainment Weekly"Like Sobel's [ Longitude and Galileo's Daughter ] . . . [ The Planets ] combines masterful storytelling with clear, engaging explanations of the essential scientific facts."- Physics World

In the mid-nineteenth century, the Harvard College Observatory began employing women as calculators, or "human computers," to interpret the observations their male counterparts made via telescope each night. At the outset this group included the wives, sisters, and daughters of the resident astronomers, but soon the female corps included graduates of the new women's colleges--Vassar, Wellesley, and Smith. As photography transformed the practice of astronomy, the ladies turned from computation to studying the stars captured nightly on glass photographic plates.The "glass universe" of half a million plates that Harvard amassed over the ensuing decades--through the generous support of Mrs. Anna Palmer Draper, the widow of a pioneer in stellar photography--enabled the women to make extraordinary discoveries that attracted worldwide acclaim. They helped discern what stars were made of, divided the stars into meaningful categories for further research, and found a way to measure distances across space by starlight. Their ranks included Williamina Fleming, a Scottish woman originally hired as a maid who went on to identify ten novae and more than three hundred variable stars; Annie Jump Cannon, who designed a stellar classification system that was adopted by astronomers the world over and is still in use; and Dr. Cecilia Helena Payne, who in 1956 became the first ever woman professor of astronomy at Harvard--and Harvard's first female department chair.

The acclaimed Pulitzer Prize finalist and #1 New York Times bestselling author of Galileo’s Daughter crafts a luminous chronicle of the life and work of the most famous woman in the history of science, and the untold story of the many young women trained in her laboratory who were launched into stellar scientific careers of their own“Even now, nearly a century after her death, Marie Curie remains the only female scientist most people can name,” writes Dava Sobel at the opening of her shining portrait of the sole Nobel laureate decorated in two separate fields of science—Physics in 1903 with her husband Pierre and Chemistry by herself in 1911. And yet, Sobel makes clear, as brilliant and creative as she was in the laboratory, Marie Curie was equally passionate outside it. Grieving Pierre’s untimely death in 1906, she took his place as professor of physics at the Sorbonne; devotedly raised two brilliant daughters; drove a van she outfitted with x-ray equipment to the front lines of World War I; befriended Albert Einstein and other luminaries of twentieth-century physics; won support from two U.S. presidents; and inspired generations of young women the world over to pursue science as a way of life.As Sobel did so memorably in her portrait of Galileo through the prism of his daughter, she approaches Marie Curie from a unique angle, narrating her remarkable life of discovery and fame alongside the women who became her legacy—from France’s Marguerite Perey, who discovered the element francium, and Norway’s Ellen Gleditsch, to Mme. Curie’s elder daughter, Irène, winner of the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. For decades the only woman in the room at international scientific gatherings that probed new theories about the interior of the atom, Marie Curie traveled far and wide, despite constant illness, to share the secrets of radioactivity, a term she coined. Her two triumphant tours of the United States won her admirers for her modesty even as she was mobbed at every stop; her daughters, in Ève’s later recollection, “discovered all at once what the retiring woman with whom they had always lived meant to the world.”With the consummate skill that made bestsellers of Longitude and Galileo’s Daughter, and the appreciation for women in science at the heart of her most recent The Glass Universe, Dava Sobel has crafted a radiant biography and a masterpiece of storytelling, illuminating the life and enduring influence of one of the most consequential figures of our time.

By 1514, the reclusive cleric Nicolaus Copernicus had written and hand-copied an initial outline of his heliocentric theory-in which he defied common sense and received wisdom to place the sun, not the earth, at the center of our universe, and set the earth spinning among the other planets. Over the next two decades, Copernicus expanded his theory through hundreds of observations, while compiling in secret a book-length manuscript that tantalized mathematicians and scientists throughout Europe. For fear of ridicule, he refused to publish.In 1539, a young German mathematician, Georg Joachim Rheticus, drawn by rumors of a revolution to rival the religious upheaval of Martin Luther's Reformation, traveled to Poland to seek out Copernicus. Two years later, the Protestant youth took leave of his aging Catholic mentor and arranged to have Copernicus's manuscript published, in 1543, as De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres)-the book that forever changed humankind's place in the universe.In her elegant, compelling style, Dava Sobel chronicles, as nobody has, the conflicting personalities and extraordinary discoveries that shaped the Copernican Revolution. At the heart of the book is her play And the Sun Stood Still, imagining Rheticus's struggle to convince Copernicus to let his manuscript see the light of day. As she achieved with her bestsellers Longitude and Galileo's Daughter, Sobel expands the bounds of narration, giving us an unforgettable portrait of scientific achievement, and of the ever-present tensions between science and faith.

Using her deep knowledge, her skills as a storyteller, and her imagination, Dava Sobel illuminates one of history's most significant and far-reaching meetings. In the spring of 1539, a young German mathematician--Georg Joachim Rheticus--journeyed hundreds of miles to northern Poland to meet the legendary, elderly cleric and reluctant astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. Some two decades earlier, Copernicus had floated the mind-boggling theory that the Sun, not the Earth, was stationary at the center of the universe, and he was rumored to have crafted a book that could prove it. Though exactly what happened between them can never be known, Rheticus shepherded Copernicus's great work into production and De revolutionibus orbium coelestium ultimately changed the course of human understanding.Dava Sobel imagines their dramatic encounter, and with wit and erudition gives them personality. Through clever and dramatic dialogue, she brings alive the months Rheticus and Copernicus spent together--the one a heretical Lutheran, the other a free-thinking Catholic--and in the process illuminates the historic tension between science and religion. An introduction by Dava Sobel will set the stage, putting the scenes in historical context, and an afterword will describe what happened after Copernicus's book was published detailing the impact it had on science and on civilization.

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Dalla fine del XIX secolo, l'Osservatorio astronomico di Harvard iniziò ad assumere alcune donne come "calcolatori umani". L'"harem" - così veniva talvolta deriso il personale femminile - era formato da signore di tutte le età: esperte di matematica, astronome dilettanti, mogli, sorelle e figlie dei professori; alcune laureate, altre semplicemente appassionate. Attraverso l'"universo di vetro" che avevano a disposizione, formato da circa mezzo milione di lastre fotografiche su cui erano impresse le immagini delle stelle, queste studiose fecero alcune scoperte svilupparono un sistema di classificazione che fu accettato a livello internazionale ed è ancora in uso; intuirono la verità sulla composizione chimica dei cieli, e definirono una scala per misurare le distanze nello spazio. Alla loro storia Dava Sobel dedica il suo libro più appassionato, arricchito dai testi inediti di diari e "Quando hanno letto i nomi dei membri" scrive Annie Jump Cannon, una delle protagoniste, "mi sono assai meravigliata di scoprire che ero stata inserita nella Commissione per la classificazione degli spettri stellari, e una delle esperienze inattese è stata la riunione con i suoi membri. Sedevano a un lungo tavolo, quegli uomini provenienti da varie nazioni, e io ero l'unica donna". Era stata lei a studiare per anni gli spettri stellari, e fu lei a parlare per tutto il tempo.

Full-color, computer-enhanced photographic images--from NASA's Skylab, Magellan, and Voyager missions, as well as Russian space probes--highlight a dramatic journey to the nine planets of the solar system and their many moons.

«Ancora oggi, a quasi un secolo dalla sua morte, Marie Curie rimane l'unica scienziata donna che la maggior parte delle persone sa nominare» scrive Dava Sobel all'inizio di questa luminosa biografia. Nelle foto di gruppo scattate ai maggiori convegni scientifici internazionali, per decenni quello di Marie Curie è stato il solo volto femminile. È stata la prima donna a ricevere un Nobel (per la Fisica, vinto con il marito Pierre nel 1903) e la prima persona in assoluto a vincerne due (nel 1911 le fu assegnato quello per la Chimica). La strada per giungere fino a lì, però, non è stata certo agevole per Maria Salomea Skłodowska, sin da quando fu costretta a lasciare la nativa Varsavia per trasferirsi in Francia e potersi iscrivere all'università. A Parigi conobbe il grande amore, il fisico e matematico Pierre Curie, con cui per tanti anni condivise ricerche e traguardi. E, dopo la sua prematura scomparsa, prese il suo posto come docente di Fisica alla Sorbona e come direttrice del laboratorio Curie. Crebbe da sola due figlie brillanti, strinse un'amicizia speciale con Albert Einstein e altri luminari della fisica del Ventesimo secolo e, durante la Prima guerra mondiale, si adoperò come radiologa al fronte, pattugliando i campi di battaglia a bordo di vetture speciali dotate di apparecchiature a raggi X, soprannominate petites Curie. Una mente così prodigiosa non poteva non attirare numerose giovani donne di talento, aspiranti chimiche e fisiche provenienti dall'Europa orientale, dalla Scandinavia, dalla Russia, dalla Gran Bretagna e persino dal a tutte loro, Marie insegnò a credere nelle proprie capacità e a dedicarsi con determinazione alla carriera scientifica. Con il talento narrativo che la contraddistingue, Dava Sobel racconta Marie Curie attraverso una lente unica, quella delle donne che in qualche modo sono diventate la sua eredità: dalla francese Marguerite Perey, che ha scoperto l'elemento francio, alla norvegese Ellen Gleditsch, fino a Irène, figlia maggiore di Marie e Pierre, vincitrice del premio Nobel per la Chimica nel 1935.

Eto kniga o zhenschinakh - pervykh sotrudnitsakh Garvardskoj observatorii, pervykh zhenschinakh-astronomakh, poluchivshikh ofitsialnye akademicheskie dolzhnosti. Ne imeja ravnogo s kollegami-muzhchinami statusa, oni vypolnjali takuju zhe rabotu i za rutinnymi izmerenijami i raschetami sozdavali novuju nauku - zvezdnuju spektroskopiju. Ne iz tscheslavija, a iz ljubvi k nauke oni postojanno upiralis v stekljannyj potolok v professii i otodvigali ego vse vyshe i vyshe. Blagodarja issledovaniju soten tysjach fotoplastinok so zvezdnymi spektrami za 50 s nebolshim let, kotorye okhvatyvaet kniga, predstavlenie uchenykh o zvezdakh i masshtabakh zvezdnykh sistem proshlo put ot umozritelnykh idej do strogikh fizicheskikh zakonov. A pojavlenie ogromnoj biblioteki fotoplastinok Garvardskoj observatorii bylo by nevozmozhno bez zhenschin - pokrovitelnits astronomii, kotorye svoim dejatelnym uchastiem i finansovoj podderzhkoj sdelali dlja nauki ne menshe, chem uchenye.

FRITZ ZWICKY - Dark Matter, Robert Proctor Interview ,The God Particle.

In this special edition of Popular · Dava Sobel’s original new essay inspired by her best-selling book “The Glass Universe”· Dr. Michael Summers on exoplanets and “Diamond Worlds”· Dr. Jeffrey Bennett brings a cosmic perspective to the study of exoplanets· Best-selling author John Read delivers the perfect orientation to telescope selection—and astrophotography· Geoff Cottrell gives us a tour of the next big telescopes· Martin Griffiths takes us deep inside the nebulae· The legendary Wil Tirion guides us through the history of celestial cartography· Peter Pesic provides a fascinating historical perspective on music and the making of modern science· Astrophysicist Neil Comins brings the concept—and experience—of space tourism into focus· John Fossett shows us how to create an astronomy club through your local library· Jeff Bennett returns with an in-depth review of Eclipse 2017· John Schroeter on the history of radio telescopes and the detection of mysterious fast radio bursts· George Musser’s “Einstein’s Castle in the Air” questions the essence of space and time· A special Popular Astronomy eBook recounting the history of Mars exploration